Diarrhoeal Diseases Reference
CD-ROM - First Edition

Dialogue on Diarrhoea Online

The international newsletter on the control of diarrhoeal diseases
1980-1995

updated: 23 April, 2014

The first issue was published in May 1980.The last of a total of 60 issues, during its 15 years, was published in May 1995.

Rehydration Project has converted, to HTML and PDF formats, all="../dd/fullmenu.htm" target="_self">60 issues and 16 supplements of Dialogue on Diarrhoea and has produced Dialogue of Diarrhoea Online. Over 600 photos and drawings are included in the database. Published four times a year, Dialogue on Diarrhoea acted as a forum for readers to exchange ideas and share experiences. Regular features included guidelines on diagnosis and treatment, training tips, information on rational drug use, research updates and feedback from the field. In addition to information on clinical management, the newsletter addressed issues which affected health workers' and families' abilities for care for children, such as communication skills, organisation of health centres and hospitals, health education and training. The newsletter covered the latest developments, new ideas and solutions to problems, the organization and results of controlled field studies and the establishment of new national and local programmes in diarrhoeal diseases control in developing countries. While detailed scientific arguments are pursued in academic journals, this newsletter focused on promoting the exchange of practical information and experience related to the effective prevention and treatment of diarrhoea. Dialogue on Diarrhoea was meant for everyone who cares about unnecessary suffering and deaths from diarrhoeal diseases. There is much information in these issue that is valuable and useful. Readers are reminded, however, that treatment guidelines and health care practices change over time. If you are in doubt, please refer to WHO's up-to-date="../dehydration/treatment-plans.htm">Dehydration Treatment Plans

Dialogue on Diarrhoea follow-up newsletter
Child Health Dialogue

Dialogue on Diarrhoea Online FIND the facts quickly Subject Index LOOK UP information Country Reference | Author Index SEARCH for information Table of Contents of All Issues ACCESS the issue you want Quick Menu REQUEST an issue by email as a text or html file Back Issues Menu DISTRIBUTE, VIEW or PRINT pdf files original issue format PDF Issues Menu	Supplements Epidemic Dysentery Controlling Cholera Diarrhoea and Drugs Persistent Diarrhoea Refugees and Displaced Communities Shigellosis Teaching tools and techniques Breastfeeding Practical Hygiene Children's Poster Competition Weaning Water and Sanitation Immunisation Growth Monitoring Photographic Competition Results Oral Rehydration Therapy

Subject categories

These links will take you to the referred Issue and (page).
You may have to scroll down the page for your subject selection.

Aetiology

Causes and control of chronic diarrhoea: a vicious cycle 10 (4-5)
Chickens and childhood diarrhoea 45 (5)
Clinicians' guide to aetiology 7 (6)
Comment (on helminths) 47 (6)
Diarrhoea agents in the environment 7 (2)
Diarrhoea and AIDS 35 (3)
Diarrhoea pathophysiology: mechanisms of diarrhoea and why they matter 35 (4-5)
Environment, behaviour and the spread of diarrhoea: soiled saris 26 (5)
Environment, behaviour and the spread of diarrhoea: a vulnerable age 26 (4)
Feeding bottles: a source of faecal contamination 37 (3)
Feeding during diarrhoea 53 (4)
Finding the guilty organisms 7 (4-5)
Intestinal parasites: causes or contributors? 12 (3)
Laboratories and diarrhoeal disease control:collection, transport and examination 11 (4-5)
Organisms in OR fluid: oral rehydration with dirty water? 4 (7)
Searching for viruses: acute childhood diarrhoea 14 (7-8)
The seasons and diarrhoea: The Gambia and Bangladesh 26 (3)
Simple laboratory investigations into diarrhoea 11 (6)
Symposium on chronic diarrhoea 9 (2)
Water, excreta, behaviour and diarrhoea 4 (4-5)
Water and sanitation are not enough 47 (5-6)
Worms and community health 43 (1)
Zinc-diarrhoea link 56 (7)

Cholera

Health update insert: Controlling cholera 52
Clinical update insert: Persistent diarrhoea 48
Antibiotic resistance to cholera 1 (2-3)
Cholera: epidemic control 45 (2-3)
Cholera: facing up to the threat 49 (5)
Cholera update 32 (2-3)
Control strategies 12 (6)
New strain of cholera reported 53 (8)
The devastating disease (history of cholera) 12 (4)
The most feared of diarrhoeal diseases: WHO update 7 (3)
Recent developments 12 (5)
Tamed or fighting back? 13 (7)
Water handling and cholera 26 (2)

Escherichia Coli

Stickiness and sickness 2 (3)

Parasites

Amoebiasis 27 (7)
Cryptosporidia 27 (4)
Giardia 27 (6)
Intestinal parasites: causes or contributors? 12 (3)
An intestinal zoo 27 (3)
Parasites and diarrhoea: research needs 27 (3)
Strongyloides 27 (5)
Trichuriasis 27 (4-5)
Wall chart: Helminth eggs and larvae found in faeces (review) 35 (2)

Rotavirus

Expectations for a vaccine 16 (3)
Viral diarrhoea - a big step forward 1 (3)

Shigella

Dysentery: an overview 25 (4)
Soap, water and shigellosis 2 (3)

Drug therapy

Health update insert: diarrhoea and drugs 50
Antibiotic resistance 43 (2)
Antibiotic resistance 42 (5)
Antibiotics and diarrhoea 45 (7)
Antimotility drugs 43 (4-5)
Aspirin and chlorpromazine 5 (7)
Cautious prescription: drugs and the treatment of diarrhoeal diseases 8 (4-5)
Countering misleading marketing 55 (6)
Diarrhoea management - Britain lags behind 45 (8)
Diarrhoea management: drug treatment 25 (5)
Drugs and diarrhoea 42 (1-3)
Educating drug sellers 55 (2)
Folate for diarrhoea? 43 (2)
Guidelines on drug use for children with diarrhoea 55 (7)
Hospital practice foreshadows changes in GP prescribing 16 (2)
Medicines with care 25 (6)
North-south network (Health Action International) 55 (5)
Physicians' behaviour 43 (3)
Prescribing practice: what changes behaviour? 45 (6)
Regulation plus education 55 (4)
Successful campaign 55 (6)

Antimicrobials

Antibiotic resistance to cholera 1 (2-3)
Iran: attitudes to treatment and use of antibiotics 33 (2)

Epidemiology

Health update insert: Epidemic dysentery 55
Animals and infection: a danger to human health? 45 (4)
ARI and diarrhoea: a natural collaboration 31 (6-7)
CDD programmes: WHO, USAID, UNICEF 34 (1-2,8)
Child spacing: impact on health 34 (4)
Cholera: control strategies 12 (6)
Cholera update 32 (2-3)
Cholera: WHO update 7 (3)
Diarrhoea in urban slums: Bombay and Karachi 31 (4-5)
Dysentery: an overview 25 (4)
Environment, behaviour and the spread of diarrhoea: a vulnerable age 26 (4)
Environment, behaviour and the spread of diarrhoea: soiled saris 26 (5)
Food borne illness: a world overview 36 (2)
Teknaf, Bangladesh 5 (2)
Urban priority: study in Sri Lanka 17 (2)
Viewpoint: Indonesia (CDD study) 34 (4)
Viewpoint: Papua New Guinea (diarrhoea mortality and management) 34 (5)
WHO study: breastfeeding 17 (3)

Health education and training

Health education

Health Education insert: Teaching tools and techniques 39
A choice of training methods 55 (3)
A good question 58 (3)
Active listening 58 (4-5)
Advising mothers 58 (2)
Advising on home management of diarrhoea 50 (4)
Child-to-Child 60 (6)
Clear and appropriate messages: promoting ORT correctly 23 (5)
Cooperating on communications 12 (2)
Counselling in a hospital setting 59 (3)
A diarrhoea game 29 (7)
Early learning about ORT: children can be teachers 29 (7)
Educating drug sellers 55 (2)
Filling the information gap: better communication about diarrhoeal disease 9 (4-5)
Getting the message across 3 (6)
Health education for diarrhoea 3 (4-5)
Health education materials: simple but not easy 14 (6)
How to help a woman to re-establish lactation 50 (3)
Hygiene education 30 (4-5)
Learning from people 57 (3)
North Yemen: combining science with tradition 15 (7)
Participatory learning 60 (2)
Participatory tools 60 (45)
Plain language is best 58 (6)
Promoting the benefits of breastfeeding 50 (2)
Promoting ORT: integrating mass media, print and visual aids 14 (4-5)
Putting it into practice 58 (6)
Quality consultations 58 (7)
Sahel nurses training scheme 50 (5)
Successful community involvement 54 (3)
Taking a partnership approach 51 (6)
Teaching methods 60 (7)
Training health care workers to counsel breastfeeding mothers 59 (2)
Teaching aids: audio-visual materials 19 (6)
UK nurses need basic ORT training 50 (4)
Visual aids: a range of uses 60 (3)
When do people seek help... and who from? 48 (2-3)
Working with pharmacists in Kenya 55 (4)

Training

CDD training activities: step-by-step planning 38 (5)
Channels for promoting ORT: the community pharmacist 24 (7)
Channels for promoting ORT: the traditional healer 24 (6)
Diarrhoea Training Unit 38 (4-5)
ORT: improving medical education 29 (3)
ORT in practice: training methods 38 (3)
Practical advice: evaluation of training 29 (6)
Practical advice: how to teach 38 (7)
The physician and ORT: recent initiatives 29 (4-5)
WHO training courses for diarrhoeal disease control:

• convincing the doctors 13 (5)
• supervisory skills 13 (4)

Immunisation

Health Basics insert: Immunisation 30
Measles immunisation in diarrhoeal disease control 16 (4-5)
Rotavirus: expectations for a vaccine 16 (3)
Solving problems locally: national immunisation programme, The Gambia 16 (6)
Typhoid vaccines: outlook for the future 16 (7)
Viral diarrhoea: developments in diagnosis and vaccines 48 (7)

Laboratory Services

Laboratories and diarrhoeal disease control: collection, transport and examination 11 (4-5)
Reviews: books for medical laboratory workers 11 (7)
Simple laboratory investigations into diarrhoea 11 (6)
Viewpoint: local laboratory skills 38 (2)

Nutrition

Breastfeeding

Health Basics insert: Breastfeeding 37
Breastfeeding: helping to reduce the severity of diarrhoea 17 (4-5)
Breastfeeding in emergencies 59 (7)
Breastfeeding prevents infection 43 (2)
Breastfeeding promotion: the right start 38 (6)
Breastfeeding twins 51 (7)
Congratulations to the mothers 59 (4)
Exclusive breastfeeding (letter) 54 (8)
Exclusive breastfeeding 49 (2)
Extra drinks are unnecessary 49 (3)
Help for breastfeeding mothers 46 (2-3)
How to feed a baby who cannot breastfeed 41 (6)
How to help a woman to re-establish lactation 50 (3)
'I do not have enough milk.' 53 (5)
Passport to life: breastmilk banking in India 17 (7)
Perspectives on human milk banking 17 (6)
Portugal: rediscovering breastfeeding 17 (2)
Promoting breastfeeding in urban communities 39 (6)
Promoting the benefits of breastfeeding 50 (2)
Training health care workers to counsel breastfeeding mothers 59 (2)
WHO study 17 (3)
Women, work and breastfeeding 59 (5)
Zealous promotion of breastfeeding is not the answer (letter) 60 (8)

Feeding and diarrhoea

Bangladesh: better food for the same money 10 (3)
Carry on feeding: report from Bangladesh 15 (5)
Enriched ORT 15 (4)
Feeding and chronic diarrhoea 10 (6)
Feeding the anorexic child 23 (6)
Home fluids: food or drink? 23 (5)
Lactose intolerance 37 (6-7)
Leaf concentrate consumption and diarrhoea 33 (2)
Persistent diarrhoea: appropriate dietary management 37 (4-5)
Persuading children with diarrhoea to eat 6 (6)
Preventing food borne infections 36 (4)
Promoting better nutrition: leaf nutrient 23 (3)
Sources of potassium 5 (7)
WHO meeting report and guidelines on nutritional management of persistent diarrhoea 37 (2-3)

General

Action on improving diets 53 (7)
Addressing urban families' nutrition 56 (6)
An introduction to nutrition 53 (2-3)
Diarrhoea and potassium 41 (7)
Facts about food hygiene 56 (2)
Feeding during diarrhoea 53 (4)
Growing food: growing healthy 46 (6-7)
Golden rules for safe food preparation 56 (3
Good sources of vitamin A 53 (7)
HIV and infant feeding 59 (6)
Improved cookstoves save fuel and money 56 (5)
Providing more than just low-cost food 56 (6)
Soya bean success 50 (7)
The dangers of 'follow-up' feeds 46 (4-5)
Vitamin A and children's health 53 (6)
What changes are possible in practice? 56 (4)

Growth monitoring

Health Basics insert: Growth monitoring 24
Practical issues in growth monitoring: diarrhoea and growth 23 (4)

Malnutrition and diarrhoea

Carry on feeding: report from Bangladesh 15 (5)
Diarrhoea is a nutritional disease 24 (4)
The diarrhoea-malnutrition complex 6 (4-5)
Persistent diarrhoea: adding to malnutrition 23 (7-8)

Vitamin A

Diarrhoeal diseases: combating the long term effects 21 (4-5)
Vitamin A and diarrhoea: reducing the risk? 33 (4-5)
Vitamin A: preventing blinding malnutrition 21 (6)

Weaning

Health Basics insert: Weaning 32
Breast to family diet 15 (6)
Fermented food: reducing contamination 40 (3)
Adapting food technologies: but what do mothers think? 40 (6-7)
Improved weaning foods: germinated flours 40 (4)
Improved weaning foods: sprouted grains, peasand beans 40 (5)
Weaning foods and diarrhoea 29 (2)
Weaning foods: breaking the chain of infection 36 (5)

Oral rehydration therapy

Health Basics insert: Oral rehydration therapy 19

A useful guide to giving ORT at home 52 (7)
Back to basics: what is ORT? 52 (2-3)
Cereal-based ORT 41 (4-5)
Channels for promoting ORT: the community pharmacist 24 (7)
Channels for promoting ORT: the traditional healer 24 (6)
Diarrhoea management - Britain lags behind 45 (8)
Glass-sized SSS (letter) 50 (7)
Health workers opinions: Ghana, Sierra Leone and China 52 (6)
How to... make a rice-based drink for oral rehydration 41 (3)
ICORT I: First International Conference on ORT 14 (1-2)
ICORT II: Second International Conference on ORT 24 (1-5)
ICORT III: Third International Conference on ORT 36 (8)
Improving ORT delivery: problem solving research 20 (7)
Issues in oral rehydration 1 (4-5)
Key issues in ORT 34 (6)
Oral rehydration in the home 28 (4)
ORS: better than drugs 43 (2)
ORS is useful for treating adults 45 (8)
ORT success in the Soviet Union 47 (8)
Questions and answers about ORT 47 (7)
Refugee camps: reducing diarrhoea 27 (2)
Super ORS recipe (letter) 50 (7)
Swing to ORT in Britain 16 (2)
The experience of India 52 (4)
The pioneering years 52 (5)
Understanding dehydration 52 (4)
UNICEF: ORT in practice 13 (6)
USAID: review of ORT activities 20 (2)
What drinks to give: carrying out a survey 28 (4)
WHO: Diarrhoeal Diseases Control Programme 1 (6)
WHO CDD Programme -five years on: a review 18 (4-5)
WHO guidelines: selection of home fluids 41 (2)

Management of diarrhoea

Home fluids: food or drink? 23 (5)
Promoting ORT correctly 23 (5)
Diarrhoea and refugee communities 21 (3)
How to recognise dehydration 2 (6)
Oral rehydration with dirty water? 4 (7)
ORT: attitudes and beliefs about diarrhoea - the mother's role 2 (4-5)
ORS: quantity to give 6 (7)
Potassium losses and replacement in diarrhoea 3 (7)
Successful ORT 22 (6)
Using a nasogastric tube 26 (6)
WHO decision-making guidelines 28 (5)

Infants

Dealing with diarrhoea in newborn infants: approaches to rehydration 22 (4)
Dealing with diarrhoea in newborn infants: careful management 22 (5)

Formula

Advances with rice powder ORS 19 (7)
Coconut water for rehydration? 26 (2)
Enriched ORT 15 (4)
ORS: flavouring and colouring 32 (2)
ORS flavouring and colouring follow-up 33 (3)
ORS: new formula gives longer shelf life 19 (2)
ORS: potassium losses and replacement 3 (7)
Rice based ORS 34 (7)

Measuring ORS

Correct measures: home made ORS 35 (6)
Jamaican study: preparation of sugar-salt solution by mothers 5 (2)
Using ORS packets to measure water volume? 33 (2-3)

Sanitation and hygiene

Health Basics insert: Water and sanitation 31
Health Extra insert: Practical hygiene 36
Children and sanitation 8 (2)
Communities, water and health 4 (3)
Environmental health in the Caribbean 36 (7)
Environmental health research (WHO and IDRC) 5 (4-5)
Food borne illness: world overview 36 (2)
Hygiene education: Bangladesh 30 (4-5)
Hygiene, food safety and diarrhoea: case study, Leeds, UK 36 (3)
Improving environmental hygiene: how to plan a community based project 36 (6)
International drinking water supply and sanitation decade: technology is not the bottleneck 5 (5)
Poor urban neighbourhoods: water and sanitation 'dos and don'ts' 31 (3)
Water, excreta, behaviour and diarrhoea 4 (4-5)
Water handling and cholera 26 (6)

Hand washing

How to make soap 18 (6)
Soap, water and shigellosis 2 (3)
Why do mothers wash their hands? 39 (5)

Latrines

Appropriate latrines 5 (6)
On-site sanitation 18 (7)
Zimbabwean latrines 19 (3)
Zimbabwe: encouraging families to build latrines 30 (7)

Survey and evaluation methods

Brazil: a RAP survey 39 (4)
Carrying out a survey on attitudes to diarrhoea 9 (6-7)
Evaluation means asking: how are we doing? 51 (2-3)
Evaluation of training 29 (6)
Improving ORT delivery: problem solving research 20 (7)
Investigating beliefs: collecting information 39 (3)
Investigating beliefs: research methods 39 (2)
Operational research in the public sector: implementation and priorities 20 (4-5)
ORT in practice: training methods 38 (3)
Taking a partnership approach 51 (6)
hat drinks to give: carrying out a survey 28 (4)
WHO's household survey 51 (4-5)
Zimbabwe: treating diarrhoea early 20 (3)

Traditional remedies / local beliefs

Attitudes and beliefs about diarrhoea: the mother's role 2 (4-5)
Beliefs and behaviour: the Maasai in Kenya and Tanzania 39 (8)
Beliefs of rural mothers about diarrhoea in Orissa, India 39 (7)
Brazil: a RAP survey 39 (4)
Channels for promoting ORT: the traditional healer 24 (6)
Clear and appropriate messages: promoting ORT correctly 23 (5)
Diarrhoea in Nicaragua: causes and local remedies 39 (7)
Healers and health services: working together 48 (4-6)
Home fluids: food or drink? 23 (5)
Investigating beliefs: collecting information 39 (3-4)
Investigating beliefs: research methods 39 (2)
North Yemen: combining science with tradition 15 (7)
Problems with purging practices 48 (6)
Rice water and diarrhoea 6 (2)
Uganda: newborns, 'false teeth' and diarrhoea 39 (6)
'We tell mothers to use ORS and they don't.' 48 (4)
Why do mothers wash their hands? 39 (5)

Urban Health

Addressing urban families' nutrition 56 (6)
Case study, Leeds, UK: hygiene, food safety and diarrhoea 36 (3)
Diarrhoea in urban slums: Bombay 31 (4-5)
Diarrhoea in urban slums: Karachi 31 (5)
Jordan: diarrhoea and the urban poor 32 (6)
Poor urban neighbourhoods: water and sanitation 'dos and don'ts' 31 (3)
Providing more than just low-cost food 56 (6)
Promoting breastfeeding in urban communities 39 (6)
Urban alternatives: the dry-box 57 (6-7)
What changes are possible in practice? 56 (4)

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Behaviour

Health update insert: Refugees and displaced communities 45
Animals and infection: a danger to human health? 45 (4)
Chickens and childhood diarrhoea 45 (5)
Emergency measures 57 (5)
Facts about food hygiene 56 (2)
How to make a 'tippy tap' 54 (7)
Involving the private sector 54 (5)
Learning about what people do and why 47 (2-4)
Learning from people 57 (3)
Low cost sanitation 43 (7)
Prevention priorities 54 (2)
Sanitation: an unmet challenge 57 (2)
Simpler, cheaper VIP latrines 57 (4)
Successful community involvement 54 (3)
Soap, mud or ashes 54 (4)
The sustainable use of soap 54 (5)
'Tippy tap' saves water 54 (6)
Urban alternatives: the dry-box 57 (6-7)
Water and sanitation are not enough 47 (5-6)
Water and waste disposal 49 (6-7)
What changes are possible in practice? 56 (4)

Water supply

Health Basics insert: Water and sanitation 31
A stimulus to PHC? 30 (4)
Choosing a handpump 4 (6)
Communities, water and health 4 (3)
Mozambique: water supply and sanitation programme 5 (3)
Nepal: water supply and sanitation programme 5 (3)
Poor urban neighbourhoods: water and sanitation 'dos and don'ts' 31 (3)
Teknaf - impact of water supply and sanitation 5 (2)
Teknaf - water and sanitation: health impact? 18 (2)
Thailand: village water tanks 31 (2)
The Mirzapur project (handpumps) 30 (7)
Water, excreta, behaviour and diarrhoea 4 (4-5)
Water programme in Nigeria 18 (3)
Water supply, sanitation and diarrhoea:

• the role of women 30 (3)
• a stimulus to PHC? 30 (4)
• hygiene education 30 (4)
• improved facilities 30 (5)

Water purification

Disinfecting with sunlight 5 (2)
Practical advice: water purification 30 (6)

Women

Attitudes and beliefs about diarrhoea: the mother's role 2 (4-5)
Child spacing: impact on health 34 (3)
Involving mothers (letter from Uganda) 9 (3)
Water supply, sanitation and diarrhoea: the role of women 30 (3)

updated: 23 April, 2014