Resources: Instructive Approaches to Health and Education

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Your links to Diarrhoea, Dehydration, Oral Rehydration and Good Health

TRIP Database - Clinical Search Engine
The TRIP Database is a clinical search tool designed to allow health professionals to rapidly identify the highest quality clinical evidence for clinical practice.

diarrhoea | hygiene | Critical Care | Gastroenterology | Infectious Disease | Pediatrics | Primary Care

On-line Diarrheal Disease Course - Global Health eLearning Center - USAID
Time: Approximately 1 hour, 30 minutes
Objectives: By the end of this course you will be able to:

Describe the magnitude of diarrheal diseases among children under the age of five in developing countries
Explain the main principles of diarrhea case management in young children
Discuss what can be done to prevent diarrhea in young children in developing countries and obstacles that must be overcome to do so

On-Site Resources The international newsletter on the control of diarrhoeal diseases Dialogue on Diarrhoea Online offers clear, practical advice on preventing and treating diarrhoeal diseases. Regular features include guidelines on diagnosis and treatment, training tips, information on rational drug use, research updates and feedback from the field. In addition to information on clinical management, the newsletter addresses issues which affect health workers' and families' abilities for care for children, such as communication skills, organisation of health centres and hospitals, health education and training. Slide Shows A Simple Solution set of 198 slides A Programme to curb the effects of diarrhoea / diarrhea in infants and young children. A Kind of Living set of 78 slides Life of a young boy, Babu, in a city. Acute Diarrhoeal Diseasess set of 36 slides Clinical Features and Management KwMap.com - browse the Keyword Map of rehydrate.org ORT Success Stories Hospitals Changing to ORT Many hospitals in both poor and rich countries are now changing from intravenous therapy to ORT Note: Median figure for 8 hospitals in developing countries. UNICEF Poster Cartograms - Images of the Social and Economic World On a regular map, the sizes of the countries of the world are in proportion to their actual sizes on the surface of the planet and their shapes are the same as their actual shapes. Here are redrawn maps with the sizes of countries made bigger or smaller in order to represent something of interest. Such maps are called cartograms and can be an effective and natural way of portraying geographic or social data. Here are some examples of Population, Gross domestic product, Child mortality, People living with HIV/AIDS, Total spending on healthcare, Energy consumption (including oil), and Greenhouse gas emissions. Combata la diarrea: mantenga higiene en manos, alimentos y ambiente - 10 laminas Proyecto Educadores Comunitarios De Salud Ministerio de Salud, Costa Rica Combata la diarrea: mantenga higiene en manos, alimentos y ambiente 10 laminas

Off-site Resources

Google Scholar "Stand on the shoulder of giants" - a free literature search database with links to full text. It apparently indexes all of PubMed, PubMed Central, most journals in the Directory of Open Access Journals, and much, much more. Google Scholar also provides citation tracking - each article has a link to all articles that cite it. They also promote libraries strongly in the FAQ.

Water, Sanitation and Health WHO works on aspects of water, sanitation and hygiene where the health burden is high, where interventions could make a major difference and where the present state of knowledge is poor: Drinking-water quality Bathing waters Water resources Water supply and sanitation monitoring Water, sanitation and hygiene development Wastewater use Water-related disease Healthcare waste Emerging issues in water and infectious disease WHO Water, sanitation and hygiene links to health: facts and figures updated March 2004 29 kb Health Topics: Diarrhoea Fact Sheets, links to descriptions of activities, reports, news and events and links to related web sites and topics. Water-related diseases Diarrhoea occurs world-wide and causes 4% of all deaths and 5% of health loss to disability. Household water The International Network to Promote Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Drinking Water Quality Contaminated drinking water contributes to disease in developing and developed countries worldwide. The International Network to Promote Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) interventions can lead to dramatic improvements in drinking water quality and reductions in diarrhoeal disease WHO Child Health Water and sanitation related diseases fact sheets International Travel and Health is a WHO publication that offers guidance on the full range of health risks likely to be encountered at specific destinations and associated with different types of travel – from business, humanitarian and leisure travel to backpacking and adventure tours. The guidance is intended to help the medical profession to be fully aware of potential risks and to provide appropriate advice, whether this concerns recommended vaccinations, protection against insects and other disease vectors, or safety in different environmental settings. Highly recommended. Selected WHO online publications and documents on Diarrhoeal Diseases (including cholera) This page represents a convenient list of some online WHO publications and documents relating to the Control of Diarrhoeal Diseases including Cholera. It is not a complete list. These can be viewed in electronic format online, or downloaded for offline viewing. For a complete and current list, kindly select one of the links above.

Open Access

• Sources to Support Universal Literature Access, Self-Sufficiency and Library Development
• Directory of Open Access Journals
• Highwire press
• Free medical Journals
• Biomed Central
• PubMedCentral
• SciELO Public health
• Hindawi

CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention First Do No Harm: Making Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) Safer In A Cholera Epidemic

Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is lifesaving therapy for cholera and pediatric diarrhea. During a cholera epidemic in Guinea-Bissau, we evaluated the microbiologic quality of ORS prepared at a hospital and tested a simple intervention using special vessels for disinfecting tap water with bleach and for preparing, storing, and dispensing ORS.
Few coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli were recovered from tap water; however, pre-intervention ORS contained numerous bacteria including E. coli and toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1. In contrast, ORS samples from intervention vessels had few or no coliform bacteria, no E. coli, and no V. cholerae. Mean pre-intervention counts of coliform bacteria (3.4 × 10⁷ colony-forming units [cfu]/100 ml) and E. coli (6.2 × 10³ cfu) decreased significantly during the intervention period to 3.6 × 10² cfu and 0 cfu, respectively (P < 0.001).

This simple system using bleach disinfectant and special storage vessels prevents bacterial contamination of ORS and reduces the risk of nosocomial transmission of cholera and other enteric pathogens.

Excerpt from
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene
Vol. 60, No. 6, pp. 1051–1055

Water Supply and Sanitation Site
Water Resources Management
Water Supply & Sanitation
Water supply, sanitation and health are closely related. Poor hygiene, inadequate quantities and quality of drinking water, and lack of sanitation facilities cause millions of the world's poorest people to die from preventable diseases each year. Women and children are the main victims.

Education
More than 50% of all child deaths are due to just five communicable diseases, which are preventable and can be treated: pneumonia, diarrhea, measles, malaria and HIV/AIDS. Malnutrition is an underlying factor that increases the risk of dying from these diseases. Children are particularly vulnerable during early life

World Bank Child Health

Progress and barriers for the control of diarrhoeal disease
Prof Mathuram Santosham MD, Aruna Chandran MD, Sean Fitzwater MHS, Christa Fischer-Walker MD, Prof Abdullah H Baqui DrPH, Prof Robert Black MD
Discovery of intestinal sodium-glucose transport was the basis for development of oral rehydration solution, and was hailed as potentially the most important medical advance of the 20th century. Before widespread use of oral rehydration solution, treatment for diarrhoea was restricted to intravenous fluid replacement, for which patients had to go to a health-care facility to access appropriate equipment. These facilities were usually neither available nor reasonable to use in the resource-poor settings most affected by diarrhoea. Use of oral rehydration solution has stagnated, despite being effective, inexpensive, and widely available. Thus, diarrhoea continues to be a leading cause of child death with consistent mortality rates during the past 5 years. New methods for prevention, management, and treatment of diarrhoea—including an improved oral rehydration formulation, zinc supplementation, and rotavirus vaccines—make now the time to revitalise efforts to reduce diarrhoea mortality worldwide.

Diarrhoea Teaching Guide
Zambian Basic Education Course, NUTRITION EDUCATION, Supplementary Material - Pupil’s Book Grade 2
Mukelabai Songiso, Simon Hikaula, Janet L. Shamapango, Tomy B. Zulu 2005 86 pg ISBN: 9982540017 AF847/E
Download 451 Kb

Chapter 5 DIARRHOEA

Lesson 1. Sick with diarrhoea
Lesson 2. What to do when you have diarrhoea
Lesson 3. Why do we get diarrhoea?
Lesson 4. How to avoid diarrhoea
Lesson 5. Diarrhoea in the family

Diarrhoeal Diseases Interactive Tutorial, Image Collection and Glossary CD-ROM The Diarrhoeal Diseases CD-ROM, one of 8 in the 'Topics in International Health' series created by The Wellcome Trust, provides an illustrated introduction to this important group of diseases, their causes, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. Three complementary resources are contained on this unique CD-ROM: a selection of interactive tutorials, an image collection, and a glossary.

11 interactive tutorials highly visual, structured learning tools

The tutorials include objectives, self assessment tests, a list of key references to encourage further reading, and summary screens to reinforce the crucial points.

Over 700 images a searchable database of high quality images
Each image is accompanied by a detailed description, searchable keywords, and disease and aetiological agent classifications. Sets of images can be created, saved and printed. The image collection is a valuable reference source which can be used to provide examples for practical exercises and illustrations for lectures. It may be used on its own or to enhance the teaching value of the tutorials.

Glossary an electronic glossary of medical and scientific terms
The glossary defines the medical and scientific terms used in the tutorials and image descriptions. It has an easy to use interface, and will help users who are unfamiliar with medical terminology or whose first language is not English.

18 Subject experts have developed and reviewed this CD-ROM to ensure that it is comprehensive, accurate, and up to date.

'Topics in International Health' is an excellent, exciting and unique series of educational materials for medical and life sciences students, their teachers and other healthcare professionals.

Aspects of international and tropical health are presented on a range of CD-ROMs, each focusing on a disease (or group of diseases) of global significance.

eMedicine Specialties > Pediatrics > Gastroenterology > Diarrhea Instructions: You may earn continuing education credits by choosing any of the following: Clinical Knowledge Base (CKB): Read a CKB article, correctly answer 6 questions, and receive 1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. (Tests may be retaken until all questions are answered correctly.) Specialty reviews: Read and correctly answer several questions in a subspecialty area and receive 1.5 - 100 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits, depending on the number of questions answered. (Tests may be retaken until all questions are answered correctly.) * Sponsored courses: Complete any of the FREE courses listed at http://master.emedicine.com/maint/cme.asp and receive 0.5 - 2.75 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits, depending on the course.

eMedicine Membership
New to eMedicine? Register now for FREE access to our membership services. Registration takes about 2 minutes and entitles you to receive the following:

1. Unlimited online access to the world’s most comprehensive clinical knowledge base

2. Full search capabilities for articles and multimedia

3. Choice of informative newsletters and Case Study emails

4. FREE interactive CME/CE

How to Set Up and Manage a Resource Centre download pdf This manual is designed for health and disability workers planning to set up and develop a resource centre within resource-poor communities around the world, and is aimed toward people operating on a limited budget. Healthlink Worldwide uses this manual to support its workshops for organisations setting up resource centres in developing countries. - Publisher: Healthlink Worldwide

Public Health Information and Data: A Training Manual Public Health Information and Data: A Training Manual supports instruction provided to members of the public health workforce on issues related to information access and management. This manual is intended primarily for librarians and others who may be responsible for developing training events. There are no copyright restrictions on the manual's contents, and instructors are free to adapt or duplicate any portion. The manual's chapters include: * Staying Informed About News in Public Health * Finding Information for Others: Health Education Resources * Finding Public Health Statistics and Data Sources * Supporting Decisions with Best Evidence Download the manual > pdf 3.5 mb Original document is here

Dr. R. K. Anand's Guide to Child Care For pregnant mothers and parents of infants, young children, and teenagers. A definitive guide to the parent on pregnancy and childrearing from infancy to the teenage years. Authored by one of India's foremost paediatricians and an internationally renowned authority on breastfeeding.

Epidemiology and Management of Diarrheal Diseases
for medical and health related students

Learning objectives
To identify the common agents causing diarrhea
To identify the population-at-risk of diarrhea
To understand the clinical features and laboratory methods for the diagnosis of diarrhea
To know the management of diarrhea
To know the vaccines and other preventive measures for diarrhea

Performance Objectives
Diagnose the common causes of diarrhea
Assess and treat dehydration
Select antimicrobial agents appropriately for different types of diarrhea
Apply preventive strategies for the control of diarrhea


Epidemiology SuperCourse

This online course (set of lectures) is designed to provide an overview on epidemiology and the Internet for medical and health related students around the world.

Example topics included are: nutrition and global health, malaria, cancer epidemiology, injury epidemiology, HIV/AIDS, pharmacoepidemiology, influenza, diabetes, diarrheal diseases, toxoplasma, and much more.

Click here for a list of all the lectures.

Source - International Health and Disability database Subject and geographic search The Source collection is fully referenced on the Source bibliographic database, which can easily be searched. The database complements commercial databases by including a high proportion of materials that are not recorded on other databases. Details of resources include subjects, keywords, price, publisher and distributor.

Health and Healing is for first contact or primary health care workers. It is about both health and healing at the primary level. It offers a broad and comprehensive range of health topics from personal health to national health programmes, from system-wise illnesses to health problems of at-risk groups like women, children and old persons. By Dr. Shyam Ashtekar

Search us and a community of over 350 leading global justice organisations under one roof.

Quest is a framework to guide the process of planning, researching, developing, disseminating and evaluating communication and information resources. It has been developed in recognition of the need for practical and comprehensive guidelines on how to produce effective resources. Quest aims to enhance the quality and impact of resources produced, and to develop related organisational capacity. Relevant to a wide audience, it is adaptable for use in different contexts.

Free - direct links to online journals offering full text articles The Free Medical Journals Site is dedicated to the promotion of free access to medical journals over the Internet. Within the next three years, the most important medical journals will be available online, free and in full-text. The access to free scientific knowledge will have a major impact on medical practice and attract Internet visitors to these journals.

Johns Hopkins Health Information You can get the full story on today's health news and much more on the InteliHealth Web page http://www.intelihealth.com InteliHealth, a joint venture between Aetna U.S. Healthcare and Johns Hopkins University and Health System, was established in 1996 to offer one of the most comprehensive and timely collections of health information from leading industry sources. Committed to providing the highest quality and most up-to-date health information, InteliHealth delivers content through both its in-house editorial staff and via licensing agreements with major broadcast, print and interactive media. To provide the highest standards of quality, the information on the InteliHealth site is reviewed and approved by Johns Hopkins, the nation's best hospital for eight consecutive years according to U.S. News and World Report.

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WaterWeb Ring
Rehydration Project is a member of WaterWeb ring, created in 1998 to promote the sharing of information concerning water and the earth’s environment. By connecting water-related web sites through the ring, the WaterWeb consortium seeks to create a global community, bringing together educational, governmental, nonprofit and commercial entities interested in water research, conservation and management.

A Searchable Database of over 1,000 Internet resources useful to people working in health, population, and international development.

Making ORT a household habit The Progress of Nations 1997 Water and Sanitation - Progress and Disparity In China, 85% of diarrhoeal episodes are treated with ORT. About three quarters of the households in developing countries now use ORT as defined before 1993, up from 38% in 1994. But only about one third of homes now use ORT following the new definition, a more effective treatment for diarrhoeal dehydration.

Loteria Nacional de Costa Rica Ministerio de Salud, Costa Rica Usted Puede Evitar el Colera: 1. Lavese bien las manos con jabon antes de comer y despues de usar el servicio sanitario 2. Lave bien los alimentos que ingiere, especialmente los que se comen crudos. 3. Tome siempre agua potable. Clore o hierva el algua de la que duda de su potabilidad. 4. Evite ingerir alimentos en la calle.

updated: 24 April, 2014